National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Goddard Space Flight Center

Profile for Elizabeth Middleton

Proile

RESEARCH AREA EXPERIENCE:

Principal Investigator, Boreal-Ecosystem Atmosphere Study (BOREAS); Co Investigator, BOREAS 1992 to present; a FIFE (First ISLSCP Field Experiment) Co-Principal Investigator, 1986-1991; An ISLSCP (International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project) Co Investigator, 1986-1987; a Forest Ecosystem Dynamics (FED) Participant, 1990 & 1991; Participant in 1991 Maricopa Experiment in Arizona; Investigator, Canadian Petawawa Forest Experiment, 1992 & 1993; Technical Monitor for Cooperative Remote Sensing Research with the Geography Dept., University of Maryland; Technical Monitor of Research Grant with the Dept. of Botany, University of Maryland, College, Park, Maryland.


PREVIOUS POSITIONS:

Selected Publications

2004

Entcheva Campbell PK, Rock BN, Martin ME, Neefus CD, Irons JR, Middleton EM, Albrechotova J, "Detection of initial damage in Norway spruce canopies using hyperspectral airborne data", Int. J. Remote Sensing, Vol. 25, No. 24, 5557-5583, DEC 20 2004.


2003

Corp, L. A., J. E. McMurtrey, E. M. Middleton, C. L. Mulchi, E. W. Chappelle, and C. S. T. Daughtry, "Fluorescence sensing systems: In vivo detection of biophysical variations in field corn due to nitrogen supply", Remote Sensing of Environment, 86 (4): 470-479, 2003.

Little EE, Calfee RD, Fabacher DL, Carey C, Blazer VS, Middleton EM, "Effects of ultraviolet radiation on toad early life stages", Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 10 (3): 167-172, 2003.


2002

Little, E. E., R. D. Calfee, D. L. Fabacher, C. Carey, V. S. Blazer, and E. M. Middleton, "Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on toad early life stages", Environmental Science and Pollution Research, online electronic publication, 10 pp., June 30, 2002.


2001

Carey, C., H. R. Heyer, J. Wilkinson, R. A. Alford, J. W. Arntzen, T. Halliday, L. Hungurford, K. R. Lipps, E. M. Middleton, S. A. Orchard and A. S. Rand (2001) "Amphibian declines and environmental change: Use of remote sensing techniques to identify environmental correlates". Conservation Biol. 15 (4): 903-913.

Krizek, D.T., E.M. Middleton, R.K. Sandhu, and M.S. Kim. 2001. "Evaluating UV-B effects and EDU protection in cucumber leaves using fluorescence images and fluorescence emission spectra", J. Plant Physiol., 158(1): 41-53.

Middleton, E. M., J. R. Herman, E. A. Celarier, J. W. Wilkinson, C. Carey and R. J. Rusin, (2001). "Evaluating ultraviolet radiation exposures determined from satellite data at sites of amphibian decline in Central and South America", Conservation Biology, 15 (4): 914-929.

Middleton, E.M.., J.H. Sullivan, and A.J. Papagno. 2001. Canopy Strata and Phenology Influences on Carbon and Nitrogen Content of Leaves in Aspen Stands, Canadian J. Forest Research, submitted 9/15/00.


2000

Middleton, E.M. 2000. Evaluating Ultraviolet Radiation Exposures Determined from TOMS Satellite Data at Sites of Amphibian Declines in Central And South America, Proceedings, UV Workshop on 3Impacts of UV on Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems2 sponsored by the 2nd General Assembly on Stratospheric Processes and Response to Climate (SPARC 2000), in Mar del Plata, Argentina, Nov. 6-11.

Middleton, E.M., J.H. Sullivan, and A.J. Papagno. 2000. Dependence of photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic pigment allocation, and carbon storage on nitrogen levels in foliage of aspen stands, Proceedings, 3The Role of Boreal Forests and Forestry in the Global Carbon Budgets2, organized by the Canadian Forest Service and the International Boreal Forest Research Association (IBFRA) and held in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada May 8-12, p. 118.


1999

Mesarch, M.A., E.A. Walter-Shea, G.P. Asner, E.M. Middleton, and S.S. Chan. 1999. A revised measurement methodology for conifer needle spectral optical properties: evaluating the influence of gaps between elements, Remote Sensing Environ., 68: 177-192.

Sandmeier, S.R., E.M. Middleton, D.W. Deering, and W. Qin. 1999. The potential of hyperspectral BRDF data for grass canopy characterization, J. Geophysical Res. - Atmospheres, 104(D8): 9547-9560.

Middleton, E.M., J.R. Herman, E. Celarier, and R.J. Rusin. 1999. Trends in ultraviolet radiation at the Earth1s land surfaces determined from two decades of satellite-based total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) observations, Proceedings, 1999 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS199), Hamburg, Germany, June 28-July 2, 1999. Session DD08(2), Atmospheric Sounding, CDVolume 4 of 5, 4 pp.


1998

Mesarch, M.A., E.A. Walter-Shea, B.L. Blad, C.J. Hays, and E.M. Middleton. 1998. Comparing biophysical properties of the Streletskaya steppe reserve and the Konza prairie, Remote Sensing Reviews, 17: 37-53.

Middleton, E.M., E.A. Walter-Shea, M.A. Mesarch, S.S. Chan, and R.J. Rusin. 1998. Optical properties of canopy elements in black spruce, jack pine, and apsen stands at BOREAS sites in Saskatchewan, Canada, Canadian J. Remote Sensing, 24(2):169-186.

Middleton, E.M., A.J. Papagno, S.S. Chan, and R.J. Rusin. 1998. Relationships between spectral optical properties and chlorophyll content in aspen and hazelnut leaves, Proceedings, 1998 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS198), Seattle, WA, July 6-10, Vol. 1998.

Sandmeier, S.R., E.M. Middleton, and D.W. Deering. 1998. Comparing hyper-spectral BRDF data of grass derived from three different laboratory- and field-goniometer systems, Proceedings, 1998 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS198), Seattle, WA, July 6-10, Vol. 3, pp. 1225-1227.



1997

Middleton, E.M., S.S. Chan, R.J. Rusin, and S.K. Mitchell. 1997. Optical properties of black spruce and Jack pine needles from conifer stands at the BOREAS tower sites in Saskatchewan, Canada, Canadian J. Remote Sensing, 23 (2): 108-119.

Middleton, E.M., J.H. Sullivan, B.D. Bovard, A.J. DeLuca, S.S. Chan, and T.A. Cannon. 1997. Seasonal variability in foliar characteristics and physiology for boreal forest species at the five Saskatchewan tower sites during the 1994 Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS), J. Geophysical Res., 102(D24): 28,831-28844.

Sullivan, J.H., B.D. Bovard, and E.M. Middleton. 1997. Seasonal and canopy position variability in leaf level CO2 and water fluxes in Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and black spruce (Picea mariana) in Saskatchewan, Canada, Tree Physiol., 17(8/9): 553-562.

Sandhu, R.K., M.S. Kim, D.T. Krizek, and E.M. Middleton. 1997. Fluorescence imaging and chlorophyll fluorescence to evaluate the role of EDU in UV-B protection in cucumber, Proceedings SPIE Aerosense �97, SPIE Vol. 3059: 42-50.


1996

Middleton, E.M., E.W. Chappelle, T.A. Cannon, P. Adamse, and S. J. Britz. 1996. Initial assessment of physiological response to UV-B irradiation using fluorescence measurements, J. Plant Physiol., 148: 68-77.

Middleton, E.M., S.S. Chan, M.A. Mesarch, and E.A. Walter-Shea 1996. A revised measurement methodology for spectral optical properties of conifer needles, Proceedings, 1996 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS'96), Lincoln, NE, May 27-31, Vol 2, pp. 1005-1009.

Kim, M.S., D.T. Krizek, C.S.T. Daughtry, J.E. McMurtrey, R. Sandhu, E.W. Chappelle, L.A. Corp, and E.M. Middleton. 1996. Fluorescence imaging system: Application for the assessment of vegetation stress, Proceedings EUROPTO 1996, SPIE Vol. 2959, pp. 4-13.


1995

Kharouk, V.I., E.M. Middleton, S.L. Spencer, B.N. Rock, and D.L. Williams. 1995. Aspen bark photosynthesis and its significance to remote sensing and carbon-budget estimates in the boreal ecosystem, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 82:483-497.

Middleton, E.M., E.W. Chappelle, and A. DeLuca 1995. Evaluating photosynthesis in boreal forest species with fluorescence measurements, Proceedings, 1995 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS'95), Library of Congress No. 95-75916, Firenze, Italy, July 10-14, 1995, 1723-1725.

Middleton, E.M. and E.A. Walter-Shea. 1995. Optical properties of canopy elements in the boreal forest, Proceedings, 1995 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS'95), Library of Congress No. 95-75916, Firenze, Italy, July10-14, 1995, 789-793.


1994

Deering, D.W., E.M. Middleton, and T.F. Eck. 1994. Reflectance anisotropy for a Spruce-Hemlock forest canopy, Remote Sensing Environ., 47:242-260.

Middleton, E.M. and A. H. Teramura. 1994. Understanding responses for photosynthesis, pigments and growth induced by UV-B and UV-A irradiances, Photochem. Photobiol., 60(1): 38-45.


1993

Middleton, E.M. and A.H. Teramura. 1993. Potential errors in the use of dicellulose acetate and mylar filters in UV-B radiation studies, Photochem. Photobiol., 57:744-751.

Middleton, E.M. and A.H. Teramura. 1993. The role of flavonol glycosides and carotenoids in protecting soybean from UV-B damage, Plant Physiol., 103:741-752.


1992

Deering, D.W., E.M. Middleton, J.R. Irons, B.L. Blad, E.A. Walter-Shea, C.J. Hays, C.L. Walthall, T.F. Eck, S.P. Ahmad, and B.P. Banerjee. 1992. Prairie grassland bidirectional reflectances measured by different instruments at the FIFE site, J. Geophysical Res., 97(D17): 18887-18903.

Middleton, E.M. 1992. Quantifying reflectance anisotropy for photosynthetically active radiation in grasslands, J. Geophysical Res., 97(D17): 18935-18946.

Walter-Shea, E.A., B.L. Blad, C.J. Hays, M.A. Mesarch, D.W. Deering, and E.M. Middleton. 1992. Biophysical properties affecting vegetative canopy reflectance and absorbed photosynthetically active radiation at the FIFE Site, J. Geophysical Res., 97(D17): 18925-18934.

Walthall, C.L. and E.M. Middleton 1992. Assessing spatial and seasonal variations in grasslands with spectral reflectances from a helicopter platform, J. Geophysical Res., 97:(D17): 18905-18912. Symposium Proceedings [1989-2000]:

Middleton, E.M. 1992. Inferring Total Canopy APAR from PAR bidirectional reflectances and vegetation indices in tallgrass prairie, Proceedings, 1992 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS '92), IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society, New Jersey, pp. 749-751.


1991

Middleton, E.M. 1991. Solar zenith angle effects on vegetation indices and estimates of canopy variables in tallgrass prairie, Remote Sensing Environ., 38:45-62.

Gatlin, J.A., E.M. Middleton, J.R. Irons, and J.W. Robinson. 1991. The application of high spectral and Spatial Resolution Imaging Spectrometers for Locating Downed Aircraft, Proceedings, 11th Annual Internat. Geosci. and Rem. Sens. Symp. (IGARSS '91), Helsinki, Finland, May 1991, pp. 1363-1366.


1990

Deering, D.W. and E.M. Middleton. 1990. Spectral bidirectional reflectance and effects on vegetation indices for a prairie grassland, Proceedings, Symposium on FIFE, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Anaheim, CA., Feb. 1990, pp. 71-76.

Frouin, R. and E.M. Middleton. 1990. A differential absorption technique to estimate atmospheric total water vapor Amounts, Proceedings, Symposium on FIFE, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Anaheim, CA., Feb. 1990, pp. 135-139.

Middleton, E.M. 1990. Diurnal change in the vegetation index for tallgrass prairie, Proceedings, 10th Annual Internatl. Geosci. and Rem. Sens. Symp. (IGARSS '90), U. MD., College Park, MD, May 1990, pp. 1013-1016.


1987

Ahmad, S., E.M. Middleton and D.W. Deering. 1987. Computation of diffuse sky flux from multidirectional radiance measurements, Remote Sensing Environ., 21:185-200.

Middleton, E.M., D.W. Deering and S.P. Ahmad. 1987. Surface anisotropy and hemispheric reflectance for a semiarid ecosystem, Remote Sensing Environ., 23:193-212.


1983

Salop, J., N.T. Wakelyn, G.F. Levy, E.M. Middleton and J.C. Gervin. 1983. The application of forest classification from Landsat data as a basis for natural hydrocarbon emission estimation and photochemical oxidant model simulations in Southeastern Virginia, J. Air Pollution Control Assoc., January 1983, pp. 17-22.

Conference Proceedings

2004

Middleton EM, Drolet G, Huemmrich KF, Hall FG, Knox RG, Black A, Barr A, Lyapustin AI, Gervin JC, and Margolis H, "Direct satellite inference of ecosystem light use efficiency for carbon exchange using MODIS on terra and aqua", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Anchorage, AK, SEP 20-24, 2004, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Meetings, VOLS 1-7 - Science for Society: Exploring and Managing a Changing Planet: 2038-2041, 2004.


2003

Middleton EM, McMurtrey JE, Campbell PKE, Corp LA, Butcher LM, Chappelle EW, "Foliar reflectance and fluorescence responses for plants under nitrogen stress determined with active and passive systems", IGARSS 2003: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, VOLS I - VII, Proceedings - Learning from Earth's Shapes and Sizes, 594-597, 2003.


2002

Campbell, P. K. E., E. M. Middleton, L. A. Corp, J. E. McMurtrey III, M. S. Kim, E. W. Chappelle, and L. M. Butcher, "Contribution of chlorophyll fluorescence to the reflectance of corn foliage", Proceedings, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Canada, 3 pp., CD-ROM 6/24/2002.

Corp, L. A., E. M. Middleton, J. E. McMurtrey, P. K. Entcheva Campbell, M. S. Kim, E. W. Chappelle, and L. M. Butcher, "Fluorescence imaging techniques for monitoring vegetation", Proceedings, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Canada, 3 pp., CD-ROM 6/24/02.

McMurtrey, J. E., E. M. Middleton, L. A. Corp, P. K. Entcheva Campbell, L. M. Butcher, E. W. Chappelle, and W. B. Cook, "Fluorescence responses from nitrogen plant stress in 4 Fraunhofer band regions", Proceedings, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Canada, 3 pp., CD-ROM 6/24/02.

Middleton, E. M., P. K. Entcheva Campbell, J. E. McMurtrey, L. A. Corp, L. M. Butcher, and E. W. Chappelle, "Red Edge optical properties of corn leaves from different nitrogen regimes", Proceedings, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Canada, 3 pp., CD-ROM 6/24/02.

Middleton, E. M., J. E. McMurtrey, P. K. E. Campbell, L. A. Corp, L. M. Butcher, and E. W. Chappelle, "Optical and fluorescence properties of corn leaves from different nitrogen regimes", Proceedings, 9th International Symposium on Remote Sensing (Remote Sensing 2002), SPIE-the International Society for Optical Engineering, Crete, Greece, Sept. 23-27, 12 pp.