Research within the Oceans Sciences Branch consists of a very strong ocean biology program that includes broad ocean color and ocean carbon cycle research, and a physical oceanography program that extends from ocean circulation-climate research to air-sea interaction.
A state-of-the-art ocean circulation model is used to simulate the ocean's response to atmospheric forcing. Of particular interest is the salinity variability south of the equator off the South American coast. It is thought that salinity anomalies generated there are subducted and then propagate to the western equatorial Pacific. The vertical stratification change due to these salinity anomalies affect the dynamics of the warmest surface waters in the global ocean, and likely affect the generation of interseasonal variability such as El Niño and La Niña.
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